Length of shell 3.0-4.0 mm (Fig. In others, some or all populations may be parthenogenetic, consisting only of females, or they may have a disproportionately small number of males. Sculpture variable. Shell with a brownish hue. Maiden Campeloma Now officially known as simply a Snail Kite, the subspecies from Florida and Cuba (Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus) formerly known as the Everglade Snail Kite was listed as endangered in 1967.The range of the Florida population of Snail Kites is restricted to watersheds in the central and . Fawn Melania Shell usually small to medium (2-25 mm). Hydrobiids are small- to medium-sized operculate snails that live primarily in brackish and fresh water. (Pfeiffer, 1839). (Thompson, 1968). Sculpture consisting of incremental striations only. The specie prefer quite clear water, of lakes and backwaters of streams andsprings. Aperture broadly elliptical. Ponderous Siltsnail Most other genera have received relatively minor attention, and their systematics are in flux. M-879 CONE SNAIL, Conus floridanus A small and less poisonous species, no one has ever died or been stung by one of these slow-movers, but like all cones, they have a venomous proboscis. Apex smooth, with no trace of radial striations (Fig. Aperture broadly attached to preceding whorl across parietal wall. The number of subfanilies recognized in the Hydrobiida is unsettled. Evolution has proceeded primarily through reproductive and trophic specializations. 1969. Suwannee Hydrobe Penis as illustrated (Fig. Snails in wild populations range in shell color from yellow to brownish-black, and may contain stripes or dimpling. 70). Shell sculpture with incremental striations only. Radula with bicuspid lateral teeth (Fig. Rock Fossaria 53). The island apple snail is the largest of the known species in Florida with shell sizes up to five inches in length. The following key includes all of the species that occur in Florida and some that occur in Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina. Elimia athearni Choctaw Lioplax Operculum loosely coiled, with 3.75 large whorls, the outer one expanding more rapidly than the others (Figs. 129). Aperture without serrate denticles on parietal wall. Occasional Papers on Mollusks, 2: 385-412. Shellolive-colored; spire straight-sided. 148). Shell elliptical-ovate in shape. 151, 152). As a result . After a few years in storage glandular tissues in the female reproductive system deteriorate, and the process gradually spreads to destroy all but the terminal genital structures. This family contains twelve genera in North America. Suture deeply impressed. Peristome complete around aperture. As was anticipated, further work on the systematics of the southeastern freshwater snail fauna created the need for subsequent revision in 1999, and for this updated version. 12). Earlier whorls of adult shell with vertical ribs and spiral chords. From a distance, the snail kite generally resembles a medium-sized hawk with broad wings. Shell variable in shape, elongate to globose; usually not more than 5 mm in length; apex of spire seldom eroded (except in Somatogyrus); 4-6 whorls; shell smooth (except in Pyrgophorus and Tryonia); central tooth of radula with basal cusps (Figs. 40). The other three forms, C. limum (Anthony, 1860), C. floridense Call,1866 and C. parthenum Vail, 1979, are exclusively apomictic parthenogens and have been separated on the basis of aperture coloration, embryonic shell coloration, and contour of the outer lip (Vail 1979a). Shell conical to ovate-conical. A giant African snail sighting in Florida enacted a quarantine over parasite concerns. 197, 204). 1991. Length of shell 2.0-2.4 mm (Fig. Brown garden snail, Cornu aspersa (formerly Helix aspersa, Cantareus aspersus, and Cryptomphalus aspersus) is a member of the family Helicidae.This snail species originates from Britain, western Europe, and along borders of the Mediterranean and Black Seas. The shells should be rinsed frequently in tap water during the cleaning process to prevent etching by the acid. Some hydrobiid snails from Georgia and Florida. Identification should conform with all data in the key and with geographic distributions. Ancylid gastropods are small, fragile limpets found in most freshwater habitats. Dasyscia franzi Shell nearly smooth, sculptured with irregular growth striations. Females with an egg-laying groove or sinus on right side of foot; eggs deposited on substrate. Shell usually opaque in adults, with a dark red callus inside the lip (Fig. Peristome complete around aperture. Penis with 17-50 papillae along right margin arranged in 3-5 rows (Fig. (Pilsbry, 1890). Suture deeply impressed, forming a channel. Malacologia, 23: 81-82. Knobby Elimia Moderately large, thick-shelled operculate snails. Pomacea paludosa Whorls globose, with a deeply impressed suture. Newborn shells white. EDRR Invasive Species. Spilochlamys gravis Opercula of minute snails can be studied most easily by removing them from the animal and viewing them with transmitted light. Operculum with about 3 whorls (Fig. Fossaria cubensis Clench, W.J., & R. D. Turner. 2002. Shell with darker colored spiral chords that may be smooth or wavy. Thompson, F.G. 1979. 101). Umbilicus open, although very narrow in some species; occasionally closed. Fossaria modicella Shell generally elliptical in outline. (Say, 1829). The planorbid snail Micromenetus dilatatus avus in the West Indies and Central America. Female ovoviviparous with about 15 large embryos in uterus. Spiral angulation on whorls sharp and prominent in juveniles, usually becoming convex-rounded or smooth on last whorl in adults. (Say, 1825). (Clench, 1925). Pilsbry, H. A. The reappearance of an invasive snail species forced state officials to enact a quarantine order two weeks ago for residents of Florida's Pasco County, an area north of Tampa along the gulf. The genus is found along the east coast of North America from Maryland south to Tabasco, Mexico. Shell elongate-conical, with about 5-7 whorls. (Mihalcik & Thompson, 2002). Female shell about 4-6 mm long (Figs. Aphaostracon monas An investigation by FDACS Division of Plant Industry found multiple positive sites with the snail in Miami-Dade County. Males with penis at anterior right corner of mantle cavity. Brackish-water genera, Onobops and Heleobops, that are common in Florida are omitted. The snails are tan colored, high and conical, with mature snails about to 1-inch long. A little practice may be necessary to perfect this relaxing procedure. One species, C. chinensis malleatus (Reeve, 1863) (Fig. Our knowledge of the fauna has greatly increased during recent years, and a summary of this information was desirable to facilitate other kinds of study. The International Commision on Zoological Nomenclature has ruled that AMPULLARIIDAE is the valid name for this family of snails. Aperture broadly ovate in shape; parietal wall weakly in contact or solute from body whorl; whorls more prominently arched and with a deeper impressed suture. Body whorl uniformly rounded peripherally (Fig. Shell large, 4.0-4.6 mm long; thick and opaque. Sides of spire slightly convex. Shell sculptured with prominent nodes overlapping suture and forming crenulations. Shell larger, 2.2-4.8 mm long. Suture more deeply impressed than in 77a. It is important to save some specimens for anatomical studies. The Snail Kite uses its slender, curved bill to extract its primary prey, the apple snail, from its shell. Shell thin, fragile, very much depressed, less than 0.25 times as high as long. Penny Sprite) Micromenetus floridensis (Baker, 1945). Do not use tap water since copper ions from the plumbing system may contaminate the tap water and kill the snails prematurely. 115, 116). The radula is then thoroughly rinsed in distilled water, stained, and mounted on a microscope slide. 159, 162, 165). This monumental work changed all previous concepts concerning subfamilies, genera and species in the family. It should also be remembered that many groups have not been studied sufficiently, and the reader may have material that adds to or contradicts previously recorded information. Apex of shell slightly convex in outline. Pseudosuccinea columella Shell small, about 3.0-3.5 mm long; adult with 4.4-4.8 whorl; lower corner of aperture tending to be angulate with fluted channel (Fig. Shell translucent. Shell nearly smooth, sculptured with irregularly spaced incremental striations (Figs. Outer lip partially flattened in adults. Two-ridged Rams-horn Only genera that enter fresh water are treated. A single glandular crest present on apex of terminal lobe (Figs. Rasp Elimia Shell elongate. Their siphonal canal is merged with their aperture and called a "siphonal notch". Floridobia vanhyningi Apex proportionally longer, about 0.3-0.5 times length of shell. In the USA, it was first identified in New Orleans in 1939, but now is found in the Gulf Coast states from Florida to Texas, as well as in Puerto Rico and Hawaii. 199). Malacological Review, 12: 87-88. Henscomb Hydrobe Campeloma parthenum Escambia Elimia Campeloma limum On June 24th the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) created a quarantine surrounding the town of New Port Richey. Laevapex is a North American genus. Vernacular names are given only for species. Umbilical perforation wide, 1/6 to 1/8 diameter of shell. (Clench & Turner, 1956). Shell elongate-conical. Penis filament white. Banded Mysterysnail Adult shell about 4-5 mm high; umbilicus wide; columellar margin of the aperture concave in outline (Fig. Vertical ribs smooth along the periphery, strongly developed (Fig. dalli 149). Penis with a few simple scattered superior tubercles on outer surface; parapical crest on a low ridge; accessory crest and inferior crest absent (Fig. 198, 205). 48). 95). Whorls shouldered above near suture (Fig. Columellar margin of aperture wide, rounded in front like a spindle. (C.B. (Thompson, 1968). (Lea, 1858). Shell sculptured with fine spiral striations, and in some cases curved axial ribs. 66). Pilsbry, H. A. Ferrissia is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere. Color often glossy reddish brown. Aquatic; moves by gliding motion. Floridobia petrifons Another variety, with cream-colored flesh and mottled brown shells, was detected in 2022. Credit: Craig Pittman. Texture dull. Fred G. Thompson (1934-2016) Length of shell 2.2-2.6 mm (Fig. 60). Critical Florida references are Thompson 1968, 1969, 2000; Thompson and Hershler, 1991, and Hershler and Thompson, 1992. 55). Apex about 0.4-0.5 times length of shell. Shell with 5.0-6.5 whorls; about 3-5 mm long (Fig. Base of shell with dark red spiral band. Generally with distinct axial and spiral striations. Marsh Sprite Blue Spring Hydrobe U.S. Florida Invasive species. 68); lobe and flagellum with various patterns of dermal glands; central tooth of radula with basocones located on reflected margin of tooth (Fig. Scatter a few granulated menthol crystals on the water surface and allow the container to sit for 10-15 hours, at which time the snails should be extended from the shell and insensitive to probing with a needle. Shell variable in shape. (Frauenfeld, 1863). (Fig. Base of shell regularly expanding, not funnel-shaped. 69, 70). Waccasassa Elimia (Lamarck, 1822). 160, 163, 166). Shell with 4.4-5.0 whorls; about 3.7-5.2 mm long. Vertical sculpture reduced to irregularly spaced and uneven growth striations or low undulating ribs. Shell planispiral, adults large, 35-50 mm (Figs. Radial striations present or absent Laevapex Walker, 1903. Whorls straight-sided, not scalariform; suture hardly distinct; aperture terminating at periphery of last whorl; vertical ribs weaker and closely spaced; adult size about 25-30 mm long (Fig. (Fig. Aperture elliptical and loosely attached to or slightly separated from preceding whorl; 4.5-4.9 whorls. Whorls of spire less rounded. Throughout the 19th and 20th Centuries malacologists made frequent field trips to explore river systems that were poorly known, and to revisit others that were renown for their rich and unique assemblages of species. Outer lip nearly straight and parallel to axis of shell in adults (Fig. Identification KeysThese files are all keys for the identification of various kinds of organisms. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 86: 29-66. Since then a great amount of fieldwork has taken place throughout Florida, and many additions to the fauna have come to light. 153). Shell with 3-4 whorls. Tadpole Physa Penis as illustrated (Fig. (Anthony, 1860). Shell planular or disc-shaped; spire flat when raised above succeeding whorls (Figs. In view of the inconsistency of these shell characters, these three forms may represent only a single species, Campeloma limum, which is widely distributed from the Escambia River system of Florida and Alabama east and north into North Carolina and Virginia. Spire of adults with heavy vertical ribs; unicolor dark brown; usually less than 18 mm long (Figs. This genus contains three species. Radial riblets on entire surface of shell except apex. For the purpose of completeness, the three parthenogenetic forms and C. geniculum are included in the key. Size: 2-4 cm. Its brown spotted exterior provides camouflage, making it a challenge to spot. Floridobia wekiwae Parietal margin of operculum concave (Fig. Only Elimia is found in Florida. 1980. Two species occur in Florida. About fifteen species have been described from North America. (Conrad, 1834). Shell conical or cylindric-conical; light to dark brown. There have been introductions of this species into Argentina, the Atlantic Islands, Australia, Chile, Haiti, Mexico, New Zealand, and . Endemic New World genera occur in Cuba, Jamaica, and northern South America. Many samplings of hydrobiids collected during the period of May through September are not identifiable because only immature forms are present, and important diagnostic anatomical characteristics have not yet developed. Florida's . Shell conical, thick, opaque. Pewter Physa Shell sculptured with very fine, uniformly spaced axial threads (Figs.168-170). Shell medium-sized, 3.0-3.8 mm long; thinner, translucent or transparent in life; tear-shaped; spire raised and nearly straight-sided, pointed; body whorl less conspicuously enlarged, not descending to aperture along last half whorl. Shell smaller, generally less than 12 mm long. Florida Shell Guide. Umbilicus open. In previous editions of the manual the Florida species were placed in the genus Physella. (Pilsbry, 1889). Size smaller than last species, seldom exceeding 10 mm in width (Figs.194-196). (Call, 1886). The genus is difficult to diagnose by shell characters because the three species are very dissimilar. Snails on corn. One species occurs naturally in Florida, and three others have been introduced. Shell with or without bands; slender; Suture deeply impressed; upper whorls with a strongly carinate periphery (Fig. 123). (Thompson, 1968). This genus of minute freshwater snails is endemic to the Florida peninsula. Laevapex peninsulas Apical whorls depressed; body whorl obtusely angular above and sharply carinated around funnel-shaped umbilicus. Contents 1 Shell description 2 Distribution 3 Ecology 4 References 5 Further reading Shell description [ edit] Five views of a shell of Pomacea paludosa The deterioration process is not reversible. Most snails will have a conical shaped shell. This causes problems in species identification and yield an undermeasure of the actual number of species that exist in nature. 142). Melanoides tuberculata (Muller) in Florida. On sibling species and genetic diversity in Florida Goniobasis (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia, Pleuroceridae). 1945. Definitive identifications may require anatomical dissections and reference to other literature. Shell usually elevated, but variable. 11). Pomacea bridgesi Adult shell small, less than 3 mm high; umbilicus narrow but not occluded by the columellar lip; columellar margin of the aperture weakly concave (Fig. The family contains numerous genera and species, some of which are important medically as intermediate hosts for trematode parasites. Aperture loosely attached to or widely separated from preceding whorl. Types of Shells In Florida: Seashell Identification Guide It lurks nearly a foot beneath the dunes of Sanibel Island. Apex less than 0.4 times length of shell. Average length about 5 mm (Figs. Sculpture above periphery of whorls consisting of nodes arranged in vertical and spiral rows. Shell 2.8-3.7 mm long. Whorls 3.8-4.3. Work through the questions, each time choosing the characteristic that best matches your snail from the two choices. Whorls uniformly rounded, not flattened above (Fig.144). Adult shells about 40-60 mm high (Fig. Operculum calcareous with two pegs on inner surface (Figs. NERITIDAE Adults with about 5 whorls, and 10-13 mm wide (Figs.177-179). Spiral angulation on last whorl obsolete or bluntly rounded and forming a shallow sulcus below shoulder of last whorl. (Walker, 1925). Walkerana, 13: 1-108. The planorbid fauna of the southeastern states is particularly poorly known. Shell conical or cylindric-conical. Last whorl not shouldered (Figs.155, 156). 65). Floridobia porterae Spiral sculpture absent. 67). Nucleus of operculum spiral and then surrounded by concentric growth rings (Fig. Snails have invaded some local areas throughout northern Santa Rosa and Escambia Counties this summer. Embryonic shell smooth, without spiral chords (Fig. 100). 130). Operculum paucispiral, with about three rapidly expanding whorls (Fig. Aperture oval, about 0.75 times as wide as high. Channeled Applesnail Tarebia granifera Average length about 4 mm (Figs. . 137, 139). (Reeve, 1856). Shell specimens should be cleaned and air-dried. They are commonly found on live aquatic plant stems, dead leaves and sticks, and on bottles and cans. It is represented in North America by Viviparus. Apex subacute, distinctly eccentric to the right of the midline. Six species are known to occur in Florida. 127); superior tubercles on penis arranged in oblique longitudinal series. Physid species have similar and superficially featureless, variable shells, and the shell is imprecise for identifying most genera and many species. (Say, 1829). Aperture of shell closed by an operculum (snail must be collected live because the operculum is lost soon after death). Thiarids are found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Central tooth of radula with basocones located on fore or lateral wing of tooth (Figs. 110, 111, 68). Color of fresh shell never milky white. (Lea, 1842). They were detected in 2011 in Miami-Dade County and eradicated again in 2021. Shell globose with a short depressed spire; body whorl ample; umbilicus closed. 98). Gulf Coast Pebblesnail) Somatogyrus walkerianus (Aldrich, 1905). Aperture elliptical in shape; spire slenderer and slightly convex in outline; suture moderately impressed suture; parapical crest reduced in size. Shell with strong vertical ribs on spire; spiral chords vestigial, confined to spiral series of knobs on top of vertical ribs; adults small, about 13-16 mm long (Fig. Newborn young about 4.5 mm in diameter (this can be determined by removing juveniles from brood pouch). Shell larger, reaching a maximum diameter of 18 mm. Body whorl rounded (Fig. Swallow-tailed kites are spring and summer residents; snail kites are specially adapted to feed on apple snails in Florida freshwater wetlands year 'round. They are beautiful when they are alive because the body of the snail is black with tiny white dots like the milky way galaxy. Penis of males with papillae along sides (Figs. 159-161). Various species of Cipangopaludina also have been introduced from the Orient into North America. Biochemical studies show that in Elimia shell characters are conservative indicators of genetic divergence (Mihalcik & Thompson, 2002). Penis with a dense pattern of superior tubercles. Umbilicus closed. 99). The horntail . Umbilicus closed or narrowly perforate. These are white, which is the more prized color in. 109a, 109b). Those had gray-brown flesh. (Couper, 1844). It contains about a dozen species in North America. 15). (The penis is normally recurved into the mantle cavity, except during mating. 84). Aperture widely separated from preceding whorl. Though small, this elusive specimen is a rare and valuable jewel, waiting to be discovered. Embryonic shell with a strong peripheral spiral chord that continues onto following whorls (Fig. Florida's Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services said that a Pasco County master gardener reported seeing a giant African land snail in the New Port Richey area on June 23. 141). Suture not as deeply impressed as in 77b. Freshwater mollusks of Alabama, Georgia and Florida from the Escambia to the Suwannee River. 6). Elimia annae MIAMI-DADE, Fla. As if 2020 did not have enough surprises and curveballs, an invasive snail located in the U.S. for the first time was discovered in-- you guessed it, Florida. Terminal lobe of penis slender. Aperture narrow, about half as wide as high. 85). Adult shells small, less than 3 mm high; umbilicus closed by the reflected columellar lip; columellar margin of the aperture nearly straight, barely convex (Fig. Floridobia leptospira Campeloma parthenum (Gastropoda: Viviparidae), a new species from north Florida.