)cultural practices. b. If Nadine wants to gain insight into current issues, rather than delve into the past, she should try to find a therapist who specializes in: Why is Naima's hand washing considered part of a psychological disorder, while Rana's is not? b. Since the time of Darwin, there have been many other scientists who have. An organism's complete set of genetic instructions is called a: The thread-like structures that contain genes are called: ______________ develop from a single fertilized egg, whereas ______________ develop from separate fertilized eggs. a.)self-concept. Development Research suggests that this negativity bias starts to emerge in infancy. The evolutionary perspective suggests that this tendency to dwell on the negative more than the positive is simply one way the brain tries to keep us safe. e. e. Material from the introduction and chapters 1, 4, and 5 has been taken from the following essays by Marcus Nordlund: "Theorising Early Modern Jealousy: A Biocultural Perspective on Shake-speare's Othello," Studia Neophilologica 74, no. b. A 3-month-old baby girl is always cheerful, relaxed, and predictable in terms of sleeping and eating. ____ 53. Question 3. b. d.)persistent depressive disorder. Page 1 c. None. Symptoms that can be incorrectly perceived as a heart attack are most characteristic of: b.)types. a. c.)the superego It is very likely that Tate would be diagnosed as having: d.)traits. the ability to solve problems, reason, and remember. d.)reticular formation, Personality disorders can be classified into three clusters. a. )posttraumatic stress disorder Your judgment best illustrates: a. )obsessive-compulsive disorder. )love their own children. d.)Freud; Elvis, b. Persuading depressed patients to reverse their catastrophizing beliefs about themselves and their futures is most characteristic of: The remarkable academic and vocational successes of children of the refugee Asian boat people best illustrate the importance of: People are most likely to notice the impact of environmental influences on behavior when confronted by: The ideas and traditions of a culture are typically perpetuated by means of: The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of: Even though there are many unoccupied chairs in the library study area, Wang chooses to sit in a chair right next to Annest. C) behavior genetics. Helene and Victoire are more likely than Taro and Kiichi to be similar in, Studies of identical twins who had been reared apart most clearly highlight the importance of ________ in personality development. behavior and mental processes. )thematic apperception c.)interpreting the meaning of clients' nonverbal behaviors. Negative Bias: Why We're Hardwired for Negativity - Verywell Mind c.)schizophrenia. nature or nurture. 18 Compared to their female classmates, college-age men are ________ likely to engage in unsafe sexual practices and ________ likely to die in auto crashes. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human, Two plants are grown under the same environmental conditions, including the same soil conditions and the same amount of light and water, but one grows to 2 feet tall and the other is 1 foot tall. d.)meta-analysis. answer choices. Gwen is quite upset and asks why she is always the one who cooks, cleans, and takes care of the children the majority of the time. )have hindered human reproduction. The Psycho dynamic Approach. a. Briefly identify the agencys financial situation by answering the following questions. c.)epigenetics. b. d.)not attainable. d.)almost anybody will develop schizophrenia if exposed to extensive environmental stress. The theory of evolution was originally presented by Charles Darwin. Because Gretchen is afraid of contracting infectious diseases, she compulsively avoids shaking people's hands or touching doorknobs. The movement grew in opposition to the two mainstream 20th-century trends in psychology, behaviourism and psychoanalysis. Include totals for net income, comprehensive income, and retained earnings as a result of these investments. According to evolutionary psychologists, our predisposition to overconsume fatty junk foods illustrates that we are biologically prepared to behave in ways that promoted the ________ of our ancestors. d.)Jeremy effectively cope with antisocial personality disorder. 45 Evolutionary psychology is most likely to emphasize that human a. )professional training and experience of the therapist. chromosomes. Pain is a ubiquitous phenomenon. Which Viewpoint would John Watson Most Likely Agree with? b. d.)empathy. Evolutionary psychology, often known as the study of behavior, mind, and emotion, is a branch of evolutionary psychology. Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that. He has a very difficult time reading the facial expressions of others and reading the state of mind of those who talk to him. HSE. )Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), _____ test is a projective personality test in which people tell what they see in a series of symmetrical inkblots. a. The underlying assumption is that a demanding situation results in psychological distress and strain when decision latitude and control over characteristics of the situation are insufficient (e.g., Karasek et al. At her health club, Bonnie pedals an exercise bike much faster when other patrons are using nearby equipment. Her therapy is most likely: d. )underestimating the extent to which people differ from one another. d.)mood linkage. f. Given that AAA has occurred, what is the probability that B4B_4B4 occurs? )electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). )the self-reference phenomenon. Compared with northern Europeans, people from Mediterranean cultures are ________ likely to be emotionally expressive and ________ likely to be punctual, In comparison to 40 years age, today American women are more likely to marry for the sake of, Genes are to the perpetuation of individuals as ________ are to the perpetuation of cultures. Psychology should only study the observable and measurable. Self-actualization is: Immediately you yell out "Crazy driver!" c) biological psychologist. Compared with many Asian and African parents, today's North American parents are more likely to teach their children to value: Compared to North American children, Chinese children are likely to exhibit ________ respect for authority and ________ shyness toward strangers. To help Monica overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. )observational learning. )have hindered human reproduction. C) people are the most romantically attracted to those who are the most genetically dissimilar to themselves. d.)doubled rate of divorce. B. evolutionary psychology. Diane has a free-floating anxiety that leaves her tense, irritable, impairs her concentration, and leaves her with many sleepless nights. )Marshall, who has chronic schizophrenia Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human a. naturalistic observation. d.)disorganized thinking. )the phallic Research on the causes of schizophrenia strongly suggests that: b. 2 (2002): 146-60 and "The Problem of Romantic Love: Shakespeare and Evolutionary Psychology" in . a. )genetic diversity. )generalized anxiety disorder a. A basic element of all effective psychotherapies is the: b. )including some conditions that are too "normal" to be considered disorders, such as extreme sadness related to bereavement. b. a. a. )natural selection. c.)interpersonal psychotherapy. a. c.)behavioral consistency. To match revenues and expenses properly, should the expense for employee vacation pay be recorded in the period during which the vacation privilege was earned or during the period in which the vacation is taken? Recent brain research contradicts previously held beliefs, indicating that new neurons are actually formed in the brain. b. Rats that received unpredictable electric shocks in a laboratory experiment subsequently became apprehensive when returned to that same laboratory setting. X-ray. a. c.)73 The third approach arises out of the job stress literature. b.)resistance. c.)delusional thinking. e. Rana washes her hands about 50 times a day because she is a nurse practitioner and she knows that it is an important part of her job. a. The baby's temperament is most likely that of a(n): ____ is the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. a. )Employed women have an hour more time to devote to taking care of the children. d.)underestimating the potential influence of biological factors on personality development. b. c.)schizophrenia. a. b. Although EP has yielded many theoretical advances and empirical discoveries, it has provoked resistance from some scholars in the social sciences ( Confer et al., 2010; Laland and Brown, 2011 ). )repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). )illustrate neural plasticity. the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information. Evolutionary Psychology: #N# <h2>What Is Evolutionary Psychology?</h2>#N# <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden">#N# <div . d.)a larger number of synapses. )Biomedical therapy )systematic desensitization. According to a recent survey of 1,200 people, 61%61 \%61% feel that the president is doing an acceptable job. )enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted. Which of the following has been demonstrated to provide relief for those who suffer from a seasonal pattern of depression symptoms? d.)the mere exposure effect. )83 chromosomes. )learned helplessness. d.)very rough guidelines for diagnosing mental disorders. Alex Murdaugh, sentenced to life in prison after conviction in double murder trial, during his sentencing at the Colleton County Courthouse in Walterboro, S.C . c.)quadrupled rate of reported juvenile violent crime. d. reproductive success. b. b. Evolutionary psychology | Britannica In the original Milgram obedience experiment, men aged 20 to 50 had complied fully ________ percent of the time. Evolutionary Psychologist Degrees and Career Guide [2023] b. nature and nurture. c.)patient's inability to distinguish between real events and dream images. This best illustrates racial differences in, The heritability of intelligence refers to. c.)cognitive dissonance phenomenon. 6 Psychologists who take this perspective apply the basic principles of evolution (like natural selection) to psychological phenomena. )other's pursuit of their self-interest can harm our well-being. cerebellum. )dysfunctional disorder Which of the following is NOT a reason for Gwen to be in this situation? \end{array} b. a. c.)normative social influence. b) the X chromosome. c.)generalized anxiety disorder. a. )disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, Which of the following is a new diagnostic label in DSM-5? c.)empirically derived d.)spontaneous recovery. The Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board has a link to all agency Performance and Accountability Reports or Agency Financial Reports. )low self-esteem. The child's chances ________ if the adopted parents have schizophrenia. )\begin{array}{lr} a. )All of these things cause you to start smiling. c.)behavioral conditioning therapy. c. d. )anorexia nervosa. )"objectivity does not guarantee validity", You are an expert witness for the defense results of the MMPI. )She can set up the learning laboratory in a room above a restaurant. b. b. The Subconscious is the key to mental health issues. d.)agoraphobia. a. b. a. )major depressive disorder. d.)vary widely across cultures. c.)overly permissive child-rearing practices. In a disorder called _____, the person suffers from repetitive, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors that the individual feels driven to perform. b. c.)lithium )generalized anxiety disorder Cognitive dissonance theory emphasizes that we seek to reduce the discomfort we feel when we become aware that: Once people have agreed to a small request, they have a tendency to comply with a larger request. First is evolutionary theory, which claims that behavioral tendencies, physical characteristics, and personality features that promote our chances to survive and reproduce become, by that virtue,. b. Evolutionary theorists assert that gender differences in spatial abilities reflect the division of labour in ancestral hunting and gathering societies in which males typically handled the hunting and females the gathering. )automatic mimicry. )cognitive dissonance. )Larry effectively cope with dissociative identity disorder. Twin studies suggest that Alzheimer's disease is influenced by, Which brain structure might be most active when answering the question "What do the following words have in common: plane, butter, insect? A baby girl receives a(n) ________ chromosome from her ________. evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that children are more likely to be valued by their biological fathers than by their stepfathers Evolutionary psychologists would most likely attribute gender differences in attitudes toward casual sex to the fact that men have _____ than do women greater reproductive potential All animals have thoughts and feelings that guide their behavior. )behavior geneticist. c.)children are more likely to be safely cared for by their biological fathers than by their stepfathers. )enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted. )a flat affect Sharon was admitted to the hospital with severe depression. B) epigenetics. It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy because: Evolutionary Psychology | Psychology Today Lenore most likely suffers from a(n): Which of the following is a key characteristic of her eating disorder? Shakespeare and the Nature of Love_ Literature, Culture, Evolution )nicotine can temporarily increase serotonin, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. As Daniel de Vis, a writer for The Hill, recently noted, more than 60 percent of the country's young men are single, "nearly twice . Evolutionary psychologists believe that the behavioural predispositions or tendencies, such as 'aggression', is determined by genes and which is transfered from one generation to the next. Dr. )do not increase; do not increase )antisocial personality. )panic attacks. Powered by Cognero. )2 weeks forties. lateralization. Several studies have mate value in evolutionary approaches suggest that sex partners. b. b. c. d.)empathy. c.)escape from real-life pressures offered by psychotherapy. )Asperger syndrome d.)stress inoculation training. d.)discouraging clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs. e. d. Dec. 31. d.)Ninety percent of the time the mother stays home with the children when they are sick. b. genetic mutations. \text{American Instruments bonds}& \$ 850,000\\ )double helix. d.)the attitudes-follow-behavior principle, You decide to make a positive change in your life. c.)transgender. b. d.)major depressive disorder. B. sexual anatomy. c.)a dispositional attribution. Evolutionary psychologists presume all human behaviours reflect the influence of physical and psychological predispositions that helped human ancestors survive and reproduce. )generalized anxiety disorder. )A young woman marries a successful middle-aged man. Research on left-handedness suggests that )less curiosity about their environment. c.)mild depression. Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of: b. 1 in combination with 2 directs our attention as researchers not to parts of the brain but to the programs run by the brain. c.)"It works better on females than on males." a. )gender typing. )are at decreased risk for antisocial behavior. Diagram the conflict process model and describe six structural sources of conflict in organizations. Her therapist's suggestion best illustrates a: What is the future value of $800 one year from today if the interest rate is 7 percent? c.)have increased autonomic nervous system arousal when awaiting aversive events. )narcissistic 120 seconds. c.)United States O. d. None of the above are correct to the nearest cent. b. According to Carl Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person is known as: d.)genome. )the motivation to fulfill one's potential. a. b. d.)evolutionary psychology. )"Objectivity does not guarantee validity." The shared human genetic profile is called the: b.)schizophrenia. People who are troubled by repetitive thoughts or actions are suffering from: )the placebo effect. Groupthink is fueled by a desire for: d.)an eclectic approach, nondirective treatment, and long-term potentiation. An evolutionary psychologist would suggest that people are genetically predisposed to: )negative symptoms. a. a. )panic disorder. influences that affect our mating decisions. )Darlene effectively cope with posttraumatic stress disorder. humanistic psychologists a historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential. )social anxiety disorder. An evolutionary psychologist would be likely to suggest that human preferences for sweet-tasting foods. a. d.)attribution theory, b. 3.1 Human Genetics - Introductory Psychology d.)the ego, _____________ is to the history of psychology as _____________ is to the history of rock music. In terms of Freud's theory of personality, Mary's memories are stored at the _____ level of awareness. )self-blaming and overgeneralized explanations. a. d.)Xanax. c.)The behavior causes Naima distress. The stability of personality during adulthood is best evaluated by: d.)I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon. )10 percent. b. )frontal lobes b. )medical )maladaptive disorder He also wants a new cap, shirt, and sweater to match his father's. We are interested in the population proportion of people who feel the president is doing an acceptable job. b. Which of the following procedures has typically resulted in patients becoming permanently lethargic? d.)"According to a National Research Council report, the popularity of this test says it is. )cognitive therapy. but when his son has a fistfight he says, "Did you win?!" Significant dieting with significant weight loss of more than 15 percent of one's normal body weight is common in individuals with: Dr. Pimler is conducting a study on a new antipsychotic medication. This best illustrates the influence of ________ on development, Carl and Shirley are both mentally retarded because their mothers drank heavily during their embryonic development. Incorrect. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for A) working backward to provide after-the-fact explanations of human mating preferences. As group leaders, women are ________ likely than men to promote a democratic leadership style. Her selective attention is deficient, she is unable to ignore irrelevant stimuli, and she often gives her undivided attention to minute stimuli (for example, a spotlight shining in a window). Biological origins of gender differences objectives 1 c.)cooperation and social success at school. personality. Test Prep. )an external locus of control. c.)obsessive compulsive disorder. Be sure to specify your experimental hypothesis and identify your dependent and. )illustrate neural plasticity. a. e. Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to attribute gender differences and attitudes towards sex to the fact that men have _____ than do women. See Page 1. Sep. 30. d.)genital, d.)is the part of the unconscious mind that reflects human evolutionary history and is common to all people. c.)social exchange theory b. All of the following are no longer diagnostic labels in DSM-5 EXCEPT: a greater proportion of women than men are left-handed. d.)dissociation. She might be treated with: Unit-1 - Study - UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY* Structure 1 Three benefits attributed to all psychotherapies are: d b. )patient unconsciously responding to the therapist as though the therapist were a significant person in the patient's life. As you are driving to campus one day another car cuts you off and speeds ahead. b. c. left-handers generally demonstrate less artistic competence than right-handers. c.)schizotypal personality disorder. The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior is known as A) molecular genetics. Thomas' behavior illustrates: \hline & \boldsymbol{B}_1 & \boldsymbol{B}_2 & \boldsymbol{B}_3 & \boldsymbol{B}_4 \\ a. He felt very uncomfortable about having done this until he convinced himself that copying answers is not wrong if classmates are careless enough to expose their test sheets. )do not increase; increase d.)striving for superiority. Sold the Distribution Transformers bonds for $425,000. a. a. Although her work performance is adequate, Gina almost always feels slightly down and sad. A person attacked by a fierce dog develops a fear of all dogs. Sex Differences in Mate Preferences, Jealousy, and Aggression d.)electrocardiogram (EKG). b. )antisocial personality disorder. Caring for one's appearance does not depend on gender, and older people worry as much about . Evolutionary psychology dating a. a. political ideas. a. Psychodynamic therapy has been found to be especially successful in the treatment of: b.)1:1. c. b. Males' superiority on most spatial tasks has been attributed to the adaptive demands of hunting. Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that )more people are biologically predisposed to fear guns than to fear snakes. d.)borderline. c.)a smaller cerebral cortex. a. )The behavior is dysfunctional for Naima. Psychology Chapter 3 Test Flashcards | Quizlet c.)are genetically predisposed. This best illustrates the impact of gender typing c.)GABA. )loss of appetite, especially for high-calorie foods )obsessions )Psychosurgery a. c.)catatonia )personality traits. a.)individualism. a.)serotonin. d.)dissociative identity disorder. 1997], evolutionary psychologists [Buss, 1995; Tooby and Cosmides, 1992] have emphasized that humans (and other animals) evolved specific cognitive abilities to deal with recurring problems faced by our ancestors (e.g., obtaining food, acquiring a mate). )medulla For the past four weeks, Odessa has been feeling lethargic and worthless. c.)reinforcement. After three days of taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Dennis is disappointed because he is not feeling any better. d.)7 in 10. In 1921, Hermann Rorschach introduced what has become the most widely used ____________ test. The Evolutionary Perspective Evolutionary psychology focuses on the study of how the theory of evolution can explain physiological processes. Cognition involves processes related to thinking, attention, memory, perception, problem-solving, knowing etc. Humanistic psychology | Definition, Characteristics, Examples, & Facts a. e. c.)mutation. a. b. d.)chemical abnormalities within the brain. b. The chances for recovery from schizophrenia are considered to be greatest when the disorder develops: This most strongly suggests that dissociative identity disorder may involve: Marla's sense of social isolation and embarrassment result from the interaction of, Molecular geneticists would be most interested in studying. )The behavior is deviant for someone whose work does not demand it. )Thorazine Evolutionary psychology studies the evolution of - Course Hero d.)systematic desensitization. According to Carl Jung, the collective unconscious: d.)client-centered. Question 1. )"It works better on males than on females." It is an election year, and a volunteer asks if you would put a small sign in your yard. d.)posttraumatic stress disorder. a. d.)conscious, b. He hears voices, has disturbed emotions, and his behavior is very bizarre and erratic. Which of the following pairings can be most easily explained by evolutionary psychology? )sexual conflicts during the adolescent years )Tonya, who has the positive symptoms of schizophrenia The threadlike structures that contain genes are called. Compared with identical twins, fraternal twins are: c.)We can never say what percentage of an individual's personality or intelligence is inherited. This best illustrates: Margaret Washburn Who would be most likely to emphasize the role of the unconscious in affecting behavior? )a smaller number of synapses. d.)eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). c.)Wilhelm Wundt; Elvis c.)the fundamental attribution error. )All of these things cause you to start smiling. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human. c.)the therapeutic alliance. In a study examining the genetic influences on antisocial personality disorder, Adrian Raine compared the PET scans of murderers' brains to the brains of non-murderers of the same age and sex. B) overemphasizing humans' capacity to learn and adapt to a variety of environments. humanistic psychology, a movement in psychology supporting the belief that humans, as individuals, are unique beings and should be recognized and treated as such by psychologists and psychiatrists. Infographic: Evolutionary medicine can transform biomedicine and public health. b. Yen is designing an experiment on obedience to authority. e. c.)2:1. This suggestion best illustrates, Evolutionary psychologists suggest that when compared to women, men are ________ concerned with maintaining a youthful appearance and ________ concerned with achieving social power, Jack aspires to become a corporate executive because he wants to earn a huge salary. For example, twin and adoption studies indicate that biological relatives of those with antisocial personality disorder: not realizing that the person may be rushing to get to the hospital. b. underestimating gender differences in mate selection. )medical model. Rather than believe your friend is a rude jerk, you decide that she may be having difficulties with her partner. b. AP Psychology first half Flashcards - flashcardmachine.com Annest is most likely to feel uncomfortable because Wang has violated her. According to evolutionary psychology all humans share a universal _____ that has survived from a distant past in which we lived in small groups and punished those who directly harmed others. b. a. It is these programspsychological mechanismsthat are products of natural selection. No investments were held by Ornamental on December 31, 2020. a. e. This study investigated singles' similarity preferences concerning their ideal partner's personality traits, physical attractiveness, and social resources, as well as potential moderators (fear of being single and mate value) and mediators (forecasted satisfaction). a. b. a.)hallucinations. c.)inappropriate emotions. \hline 52 Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive Dr. Miller is most likely a (n): a) evolutionary psychologist. b. d.)dysfunctional, d.)All these things classify Naima's behavior as a psychological disorder. In the evolutionary view, any animal's brain and body are composed of mechanisms designed to work . d.)obsessive-compulsive disorder. d.)extraversion. )active listening. Diane suffers from a(n): d.)social-cognitive perspective. e. Psychology Exam 3 Flashcards | Quizlet d.)client-centered therapy. a. Susan Nolen-Hoeksema (2003) related women's higher risk of depression to what she described as their tendency to overthink and compulsively fret over problems and the causes of these problems.